1. By any linear relief or indentation formed by grooves or channels which follow surface flow--linear formations which move over the object delineating the curves and planes of the mass. As they run around and under the form, suggesting the presence of the other side, they increase our appreciation of the three-dimensional solidarity of the object.
2. By the variable tone values of light and shadow that move over and around the object and aid perception of mass in the same way . . . . for example, no lines help the eye--only the movement of light and dark tell of advancing and receding planes and curves, and thus bespeak the mass of the fragment of melted glass . . . . [pp. 127-133]
[Collier, Graham. Form, Space & Vision, An Introduction to Drawing and Design. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1985.]
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