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Umbra

Shadows are formed when light cannot pass through an opaque body in its path. Illumination of the area behind the body is cut off. A small (pinpoint) or distant source of light casts a sharp shadow. A near, large, or diffuse light source produces a fuzzy shadow with a central dark area that receives no light (umbra) and a light outer area (penumbra) which receives some light from part of the source.

[Light and Color, by Clarence Rainwater, Prof. of Physics, San Francisco State College, Original Project Editor Herbert S. Zim, Golden Press, NY, Western Publishing Company, Inc., 1971.

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