Endotopic-Exotopic.
If two adjacent, parallel (overlapping or contiguous) planes are graduated in opposite directions, from dark to light or light to dark, they will share one area where all differences of value are minimized or dissolved. This is an area of what the French call passage or bridge-passage, a fluid middle zone. Important though it may be, it often goes unnoticed. It is that part of a work which provides respiration and transaction between boundaries, form and form, form and space. It makes for form-space continuity. So, then, ^simultaneous contrast shading, as the term suggests, involves double reversals with subtle open and closed areas ("lost and found edges") and passage--if its use is not to degenerate into formula.
. . . . Paul Klee attached a great deal of importance to this as a structural device and referred to it as "endoptopic and exotopic treatment." Characteristically, he made both plastic and graphic-poetic use of it. Functionally, it provided a way of creating ^forward and backward as well as transparent planar fluctuations, in that forms shaded from within (endoptopically) tend to recede, while forms ^shaded from without (exotopically) tend to press to the fore. Simultaneous treatment of both inside and outside areas evokes the important principle of interpenetration. This in itself is enough to recommend it to artists who have no use for the conventional types of shading.
[Harlan, Calvin. Vision & Invention, An Introduction to Art Fundamentals. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1986. [See Study 7 on Endotopic-exotopic treatment, pg. 156]
R E F E R E N C E S
Passage n [13c] 1a: a way of exit or entrance: a road, path, channel, or course by which something passes b: a corridor or lobby giving access to the different rooms or parts of a building or apartment 2a: the action or process of passing from one place, condition, or stage to another b: Death 1 c: a continuous movement or flow [the __ of time] 3:a [1]: a specific act of traveling or passing esp. by sea or air [2]: a privilege of conveyance as a passenger: Accommodations b: the passing of a legislative measure or law: Enactment 4: a right, liberty, or permission to pass 5a: something that happens or is done: Incident b: something that takes place between two persons mutually 6a: a usu. brief portion of a written work or speech that is relevant to a point under discussion or noteworthy for content or style b: a phrase or short section of a musical composition c: a detail of a work of art [as a painting] 7: the act or action of passing something or undergoing a passing 8: incubation of a pathogen [as a virus] in culture, a living organism, or a developing egg
2 Passage vb vi [1824]: to go past or across: Cross -vt: to subject to passage [passaged a virus]
Passageway n [1649]: a way that allows passage
Passage-work n [1865]: a section of a musical composition characteristically unimportant thematically and consisting esp. of ornamental figures
[Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 10th Edition. Springfield, MA, USA: Merriam-Webster, Inc. 1995.]
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